7.Calculation of Downlink path loss

1.Down Link frequency   Down link frequency is frequency at which satellite is communicating with ground station. For C band up link frequency is in the order of 4 G Hz , 12 G Hz for Ku band. 

2.Downlink path loss    Down link path loss depend on up link frequency & distance between satellite and ground station.
                             
Here
                                                          ‘d’ is the distance between satellite & ground station
                                                          ‘f’ is the frequency of the down link wave
                                                          ‘C’ is the velocity of the light = 3 x10⁸ m/Sec
                              .......................[11]

                              Here             f is in Giga hertz