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5.0 Network+ Certification Cram Notes : Network Troubleshooting

5.5 Explain the following considerations with respect to troubleshooting general networking issues.

When troubleshooting general networking issues, it is important to consider the following factors:

1. Device Configuration Review: The first step in troubleshooting general networking issues is to review the device configuration. This includes checking the device settings, such as the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway, to ensure that they are properly configured and consistent with the network settings.

2. Routing Tables: The routing table is a map that determines the path that network traffic takes between devices. Reviewing the routing table can help identify routing issues that are causing network problems.

3. Interface Status: The status of network interfaces, such as Ethernet ports, can be an indication of network issues. Checking the status of interfaces and determining if they are up or down, and the reason for any down state, can help resolve connectivity issues.

4. VLAN Assignment: VLANs are used to segment a network into smaller, more manageable sub-networks. Checking the VLAN assignment on a device can help determine if VLAN misconfiguration is causing network issues.

5. Network Performance Baselines: Network performance baselines are a reference point for measuring network performance over time. These baselines can be used to identify changes in network performance that may indicate a problem. Measuring network performance, such as latency, jitter, and throughput, can help pinpoint the cause of network issues.

Explain the following Common issues while troubleshooting

Collisions: When two or more devices attempt to transmit data at the same time on a network, a collision occurs. This can cause data loss and slow down network performance.

Broadcast storm: A broadcast storm occurs when too many broadcast packets are transmitted on a network. This can cause a network slowdown or even a complete network outage.

Duplicate MAC address: A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique identifier assigned to a device on a network. If two devices have the same MAC address, it can cause communication problems on the network.

Duplicate IP address: An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique identifier assigned to a device on a network. If two devices have the same IP address, it can cause communication problems on the network.

Multicast flooding: Multicast is a method of transmitting data to multiple recipients on a network. If too many multicast packets are transmitted, it can cause network flooding and slow down network performance.

Asymmetrical routing: Asymmetrical routing occurs when packets follow different paths to reach their destination. This can cause slow network performance and communication problems. To resolve this issue, administrators must determine the root cause and reconfigure the network to ensure symmetrical routing.

Switching loops occur when there is more than one path between two points in a network. This creates a continuous flow of data that can quickly consume all available bandwidth and cause network congestion.

Routing loops occur when a packet is forwarded from one network to another, only to be sent back to the original network again. This creates an endless cycle of routing, consuming resources and causing network performance degradation.

A rogue DHCP server is a device on the network that is not authorized to provide DHCP services, but is nonetheless providing IP addresses to clients. This can cause IP address conflicts and network performance issues.

DHCP scope exhaustion occurs when there are more devices on the network than there are available IP addresses in the DHCP scope. This can result in clients not being able to obtain an IP address, causing network connectivity issues.

Incorrect IP settings can cause network connectivity issues. Some common issues include incorrect gateway, subnet mask, IP address, and DNS settings.

A missing route can prevent a device from communicating with other devices on the network. This can cause network performance degradation or complete loss of connectivity.

Low optical link budget can cause a loss of signal quality, resulting in network performance degradation or loss of connectivity.

Certificate issues can prevent secure communication between devices. This can cause network performance degradation or loss of connectivity.

Hardware failure is a common cause of network connectivity issues. Devices may fail due to a variety of factors, including age, environmental conditions, and overuse. If a device is suspected to be the cause of a network issue, it should be replaced or repaired.


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